Interesting about complexes

The meaning of the word Complex according to Ushakov’s dictionary:

COMPLEX , complex, m. (Latin complexus, lit. plexus). 1. A set, a combination of phenomena or properties. A complex set of social relationships. A complex of painful manifestations. Complex of representations. 2. (strike only complex). A teaching method that consists in the fact that primary education subjects are not taught separately from each other, but together, in a common connection (new pedagogy). 3. A set of sexual ideas that unconsciously manifest themselves in a person’s mental structure (Freudian term, med., psych.). complex .

A long time ago - 100 years ago - in one distant galaxy - in Switzerland - the great psychiatrist Bleuler and his young assistant Carl Jung conducted experiments on patients, the result of which was a discovery that we now use in the widest use, but not entirely correctly.

It was there, in the cold dungeons, and perhaps in the bright wards, of the Burghölzli psychiatric clinic in Zurich, long before the science of psychology began to take its current shape, that the concept of a mental complex

Freud later adopted the term to refer to his beloved Oedipus complex

, and Adler for his equally beloved
inferiority complex
.
And since then we have become accustomed to using the word “complex” in a negative sense to denote some kind of mental weakness that should be ashamed. But initially the complexes were just complexes, without any negative emotional connotation. [[Continued - about the most important complex]]
The essence of the experiment was extremely simple, and the clearer the original meaning of the concept “complex” becomes. The subject was seated, asked to relax and asked to pronounce the first association that came to mind to the words that he would hear during the experiment. In another corner they sat a man with a stopwatch, whose task was to accurately record the reaction time to the word stimulus. Well, then the presenter simply read out a list of words selected so as to touch on a variety of topics and the lives of the average person.

It soon became clear that each subject has his own reaction norm - his usual delay in searching for an association - but there are individual words, the reaction to which differs significantly in one direction or another. Countless repetitions and analysis of the results showed that distortions in the reaction occur not so much to individual words, but to entire thematic layers, which for one reason or another are important to the subject.

Since it was a psychiatric hospital, and the experiment was carried out by doctors in search of an answer to the question about the nature of mental illness, they were primarily interested in those distortions of the reaction that could be related to the illness of this patient. And it bore fruit. It turned out that this was true - each subject had his own “sore topics” that seemed to be at the very core of the disease, and it was these topics that caused the greatest distortion of the reaction during the experiment.

Obviously, for a person who has already gone crazy, the most stressful topic will be the one that caused a destructive shift in the psyche. But this is only a special case of the general principle that a person has a wide field of neutral (dis)interest, from which peaks and troughs highlight specific areas that have special significance for him. And it doesn’t matter whether this meaning is morbidly neurotic or existentially fateful. Tension is just tension.

It is this grouping of internal tensions, in relation to a certain topic that is significant for a given person, that was originally called a complex.

At the same time, it is curious that the person himself may not be fully aware of how great this very tension is in one area or another. And in fact, this very lack of accountability ultimately leads to mental illness. Any tension requires release, but an overly rigid conscious position often blocks open recognition of the very presence of tension, which leads to an even greater increase and, sooner or later, to an emotional explosion, depression or mental split. What is actually dangerous about complexes is that they always get their way.

Another interesting point is that modern “lie detectors” are actually “complex detectors”, which are built on exactly the same principle as the original association experiment in Burghölzli. The only difference is greater technical sophistication and a well-promoted brand of the device, from which you cannot hide your lies. Moreover, the polygraph doesn’t care whether a person is lying to the interrogator or to himself - he will perfectly show both. An excellent psychodiagnostic tool!

Well, the rest of the story is simple. Obviously, every person has intense topics. It is also obvious that they are not always of a clearly negative nature. Finally, it is obvious that the greatest tension will create the greatest distortion of normal reactions.

And if in the case of less intense complexes you need a stopwatch and the collection of extensive statistical data in order to notice them, then the most important and most charged complexes are visible to the naked eye in the form of reactions that are inadequate and disproportionate to the real stimulus - resentment, hysteria, depression.

Freud, with his own troubles, saw the main tension around the topic of sexuality and came up with a whole theory about what a sexual complex

and how to treat it. Adler did the same with his own inner tension around feelings of inferiority and the desire to struggle for power. But, of course, these are only particular, albeit extensively confirmed, cases of what a mental complex is in its original understanding.

Moreover, the complex, no matter how obvious its manifestations may be, is an abstraction. Tension is real, and it is what is primary. And they call it complexes only for the convenience of discussion. There are no complexes, there is only the fact that, for completely different reasons, some areas of our inner life are out of balance and require attention. This is where tension comes from and where distortions and inadequate reactions arise.

Every complex strives for discharge, just as our entire mental apparatus constantly strives to restore lost balance. If only they wouldn't interfere...

But here our most important complex, which stands behind the scene of all other mental disorders, comes onto the scene - our Ego and our personality, which we have suffered through around it, our image of ourselves, which we form from an early age and then polish to shine throughout our lives. It is the firmness of our intentions in what our “I” should be that unbalances the entire system. And if we still talk about complexes in a negative sense, as a sore subject, then our most sore subject is our “I”. Small, cold and lifeless Moon, eclipsing the Sun.

Regarding the fact that the Ego is also a complex, this is not irony, but a completely official scientific view of the situation, developed during those very experiments. And it is this thing that introduces the greatest distortions into the natural course of mental processes. And personality is nothing more than a callus rubbed around the most intense complex.

Definition of the word “Complex” according to TSB:

Complex - Complex (from Latin complexus - connection, combination) a collection of objects, phenomena or properties that form one whole.

Complex (mathematical) is one of the basic concepts of combinatorial topology. For the purposes of this science, it is essential to consider geometric figures broken down into more elementary figures. The easiest way is to compose geometric figures from Simplexes, that is, in the case of 3-dimensional space, from points, segments, triangles and tetrahedrons. In accordance with this, they most often deal with simplicial complexes. A simplicial complex is a finite set of simplices located in some Euclidean (or Hilbert) space and having the following property: two simplices of this set either do not have a single common point, or the collection of all of them common points is the common face of both simplices. If a complex has a &gamma.-dimensional simplex and no simplexes of more dimensions, then the complex is called &gamma.-dimensional. This simplest concept has undergone many generalizations going in different directions: along with the just defined finite complexes, countable complexes can be defined. Then you can move from simplicial complexes to similarly defined cellular complexes, the elements of which are certainly simplexes, and any convex ones Polyhedra or even any figures are homeomorphic to them. in the latter case, they speak of “curvilinear” complexes. Usually, only complexes are considered that satisfy the following closedness condition: every face of a simplex included in a given complex is also included in this complex. A set that can be represented as a (set-theoretic) sum simplices forming an n-dimensional complex is called an n-dimensional polyhedron. Lit.: Aleksandrov P. S., Combinatorial topology, M., - Leningrad, 1947. Pontryagin L. S., Fundamentals of combinatorial topology, M. - Leningrad, 1947.

Complex - in psychology, in the most general sense, a certain combination of individual mental processes into a whole. In a narrower sense, K. is understood as a group of heterogeneous mental elements connected by a single affect. The concept of K. in this sense has become one of the main ones in various areas of depth psychology. According to the Psychoanalysis of Z. Freud (Austria), K. are formed around drives that have been repressed into the sphere of the unconscious (for example, the so-called Oedipus K., which arises as a result of the repression of hostile impulses towards the father in early childhood). K. cause deviations in human behavior, manifesting themselves in the form of erroneous actions, neuroses, obsessive ideas, etc. In the individual psychology of A. Adler (Austria), an exceptional role is assigned to the so-called inferiority complex - the individual’s perception of his organic or mental deficiencies. Overcoming this problem through compensation is considered by Adler as the main factor in a person’s mental development, the formation of his character and behavior. D. N. Lyalikov.

complex

complex

I m.

1. A set, a combination of something (objects, phenomena, processes, etc.).

2. A set of specialized enterprises, economic sectors, etc. connected with each other.

3. A group of buildings and structures of the same purpose.

II m.

Painful feeling of one’s own shortcomings (both real and imaginary); inferiority complex.

Source: Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language on Gufo.me

Meanings in other dictionaries

Complex - I Complex (from Latin complexus - connection, combination) a collection of objects, phenomena or properties that form one whole. II Complex (mathematical) is one of the basic concepts of combinatorial topology (See Combinatorial topology). Great Soviet Encyclopedia
complex - A set, a combination of objects, actions, phenomena or properties that make up one whole. Great Accounting Dictionary
Complex - Partially ordered by a reflexive, regular and transitive relation < a set of any elements t, together with an integer function dim t, called the dimension of the element t,[t: t'], called the incidence coefficient of elements tu t'... Mathematical Encyclopedia
complex - 1. complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes 2. complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex, complexes, complex , complexes Zaliznyak's Grammar Dictionary
COMPLEX - COMPLEX (lat. complexus - connection, combination) - a polysemantic concept of modern psychology, used mainly in the following basic meanings: 1) A relatively stable sequence of associative chains... The latest philosophical dictionary
complex - noun, m., used. compare often (not) what? complex, why? complex, (I see) what? complex, what? complex, about what? about the complex; pl. What? complexes, (no) what? complexes, why? complexes, (I see) what? complexes, what? complexes, about what? about complexes... Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary
complex - COMPLEX, -a, m. Strangeness of character, quirk; passion for something; weak point, Achilles heel. Complex on women. Leave your complexes and go do your job. He has complexes. From the terminology of S. Freud. Explanatory dictionary of Russian argot
complex - COMPLEX -a; m. [from lat. complexus - combination, connection] 1. Set, combination of objects, phenomena, actions, properties. K. gymnastic exercises. K. satellite television. Natural K. Cosmic K. K. representations. Solve a number of issues. Kuznetsov's Explanatory Dictionary
COMPLEX - (from Latin complexio - connection, connection; totality; story; conclusion). 1. In the broadest sense, K. is a collection of diverse and at the same time somewhat (for example, functionally, genetically) similar “objects” that make up one whole (sports K. Big Psychological Dictionary
COMPLEX - COMPLEX (from Latin complexus - connection, combination, connection) - English. complex; German Complex. 1. A set of certain phenomena, objects, concepts, processes, etc., constituting a single whole. Sociological Dictionary
Complex - (English association). If two or more objects are found together and it can be proven that they were in this place at the same time, they are considered to be in a true or closed K. or forming such a K. In the case of an open ... Archaeological Dictionary
COMPLEX - COMPLEX - in psychology - the combination of individual mental processes into a certain whole. In a narrow sense, a group of heterogeneous mental elements connected by a single affect; one of the basic concepts of depth psychology. According to psychoanalysis... Big encyclopedic dictionary
Complex - Syn. complex group formed by several elements. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron
complex - -a, m. A set, a combination of objects, phenomena, actions, properties. Architectural complex. A set of gymnastic exercises. □ He fell in love with France, with the whole complex complex that this word covers: the French language, the French joke... Small Academic Dictionary
complex - K'OMPLEX, complex, male. (Latin complexus, lit. plexus). 1. A set, a combination of phenomena or properties. A complex set of social relationships. A complex of painful manifestations. Complex of representations. 2. (kick only complex). Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
complex - Complex, m. [Latin. complexus, lit. plexus]. 1. A set, a combination of phenomena or properties. A complex set of social relationships. A complex of painful manifestations. Complex of representations. Large dictionary of foreign words
complex - COMPLEX, a, m. 1. Set, combination of something. K. machines. K. representations. 2. A set of interconnected sectors of the national economy or enterprises of various sectors of the economy. Agro-industrial k. Territorial-production... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
complex - Complex/. Morphemic-spelling dictionary
Complex - (Latin complexus - connection, combination). 1. A group of correlated or associated factors. For example, a group of symptoms united by the concept of a symptom complex, syndrome; 2. In the psychology of memory - a group of closely related memories (Muller GE);... Explanatory dictionary of psychiatric terms
complex - noun, number of synonyms... Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language
complex - orf. I complex, -a (math.) II complex, -a Lopatin's spelling dictionary
complex - Borrow. at the end of the 19th century from English lang., where complex < lat. complexus “combination, connection” (the original word plectere “to weave, weave, bind”, the same root as to weave, see). Complex literally means “smth. closely tied together." Shansky Etymological Dictionary
complex - COMPLEX a, m. complexe m., adj. > English complex <lat. complexus. 1. A set of homogeneous elements that make up a certain whole. Pavlenkov 1911. Set, combination of objects, phenomena, properties. A set of gymnastic exercises. BAS-1. Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian language
Complex - In psychology, a combination of individual mental processes into a whole. In a narrow sense, a group of heterogeneous mental elements connected by a single affect; one of the main concepts of depth psychology. According to the psychoanalysis of S. Freud... Pedagogical terminological dictionary
COMPLEX - (from Latin complexus - connection, combination) 1) a set, a combination of objects, objects, actions, closely related and interacting with each other, forming a single integrity; 2) a group of interrelated industries, sub-sectors, enterprises... Economic dictionary of terms

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